Albany is the capital city of New York, the seat of Albany County, and the central city of New York's Capital District. Roughly 150-some miles of New York City, Albany sits on a bank of the Hudson River, about 10 or so miles south of its confluence with the Mohawk River. The city's population was 97,856 at the time of 2010, and the population of the greater metropolitan area was to be at 857,592 in 2009. Albany has close ties with the nearby cities of Troy, Schenectady, and Saratoga Springs, forming a region called the Capital District. The bulk of this area is made up of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy Metropolitan Statistical Area; this (MSA) is the fourth-largest urban area in New York and the 56th-largest MSA in the country.
Albany is one of the oldest European-American settlements from the original thirteen colonies and the longest chartered city in the United States. The area was originally inhabited by Indian tribes and was given different names by the various peoples. The Mohican called it Pempotowwuthut-Muhhcanneuw, meaning "the fireplace of the Mohican nation," while the Iroquois called it Sche-negh-ta-da, or "through the pine woods." Albany's first European structure was a fort on Castle Island built by the French in 1540. It was destroyed by flooding soon after construction took place.

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